Статья известных авторов (один из них -- Майкл Познер) о противоположных подходах к тренировке внимания: с усилием и без него
"We begin by introducing our definitions of effortful and effortless training and reviewing the growing literature on these two different forms of training. We then discuss the similarities and differences in their respective behavioral outcomes and neural correlates. Finally, we propose a putative neural mechanism of effortless training. We conclude by highlighting promising directions for research, development, and application of effortless training."
Tang YY, Tang R, Posner MI, Gross JJ. Effortless training of attention and self-control: Mechanisms and applications. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 26(7):567-577, July 2022 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2022.04.006
"We begin by introducing our definitions of effortful and effortless training and reviewing the growing literature on these two different forms of training. We then discuss the similarities and differences in their respective behavioral outcomes and neural correlates. Finally, we propose a putative neural mechanism of effortless training. We conclude by highlighting promising directions for research, development, and application of effortless training."
Tang YY, Tang R, Posner MI, Gross JJ. Effortless training of attention and self-control: Mechanisms and applications. Trends in Cognitive Sciences. 26(7):567-577, July 2022 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2022.04.006